Shock Effects of Surface and Subsurface

6.01 Surface and shallow undersion, as functions of the distance from ground bursts are defined as those in ground (surface) zero \(§ 2.34 footnote), which either the fireball or the hot, can then be obtained from the curves high-pressure gases generated by the given at the end of Chapter III. The cube explosion intersect or break through the root scaling law described there can be earth's surface. In explosions of this used to calculate the blast wave propertype, part of the energy released is spent ties from a contact surface burst of any in producing a surface crater, whereas specified energy yield. When the burst much of the remainder appears as air occurs below the surface, the air blast blast and ground shock. The greater the arises partly from the ground shock depth of the burst point below the surtransmitted through the surface into the face, the smaller is the energy expended air and partly from the release of the as air blast. The dimensions of the crater high-pressure gases produced in the exincrease at first with increasing depth of plosion. At shallow burst depths the burial of the weapon, pass through a latter effect predominates but with inmaximum, and then decrease virtually creasing depth of burial it contributes to zero at still greater depths. less and less to the air blast. Furthermore, as the depth of burst is increased, AIR BLAST the higher overpressures closer to surface zero fall off more rapidly than do 6.02 In a contact surface burst the lower overpressures at greater dis\(§ 2.127 footnote) the incident and retances. More information concerning flected air blast waves coincide immethe air blast from shallow underground diately, forming a hemispherical shock explosions and the effect of yield and front as shown in Fig. 3.34. The burst depth on the spatial distribution of characteristics of the blast wave accomthe overpressure is given in § 6.80 et panying a reference (I kiloton) exploseq.